240.Search a 2D Matrix II

August 15, 2016

240.Search a 2D Matrix II

Write an efficient algorithm that searches for a value in an m x n matrix. This matrix has the following properties:

  • Integers in each row are sorted in ascending from left to right.
  • Integers in each column are sorted in ascending from top to bottom.

For example,

Consider the following matrix:

[
  [1,   4,  7, 11, 15],
  [2,   5,  8, 12, 19],
  [3,   6,  9, 16, 22],
  [10, 13, 14, 17, 24],
  [18, 21, 23, 26, 30]
]

Given target = 5, return true.

Given target = 20, return false.

这道题是 Search a 2D Matrix系列中的第二题,由于不能保证每行第一个数比上一行最后一个数大,所以我们不能采用第一题的先确定行后确定列的思路。

不过遍历每行每列,以及遍历行之后在行内部进行二分的思路还是可以用的,但不够efficient

于是在参照讨论区之后,我采用了这样的算法:

从右上角开始,如果target大于右上角的值,因为右上角值是第一行最大值,最后一列最小值,所以target应该在之后的行中;若小于,则其毕存在于之前的列当中,代码如下:

/*solution1 264ms*/
class Solution {
public:
    bool searchMatrix(vector<vector<int>>& matrix, int target) {
        if(matrix.empty()||matrix[0].empty())
            return false;
        int row=0,col=matrix[0].size()-1,size=matrix.size();
        while(row<size&&col>=0){
            if(matrix[row][col]==target)
                return true;
            else if(matrix[row][col]>target)
                col--;
            else if(matrix[row][col]<target)
                row++;
        }
        return false;
    }
};

运行时发现时间太长,觉得每次进入循环都要对是否相等进行判断,太过浪费时间,于是做出如下优化:

/*solution2 164ms*/
class Solution {
public:
    bool searchMatrix(vector<vector<int>>& matrix, int target) {
        int row = matrix.size();
        int col = matrix[0].size();
        int i = row-1,j =0;
        while(i>=0&&j<col){
            if(target>matrix[i][j])
                j++;
            else if(target<matrix[i][j])
                i--;
            else
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
};

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